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Calculation of the Modulus of Horizontal Reaction of Subsoil Er

The modulus of a horizontal reaction of subsoil can be determined when knowing the pressuremeter modulus Em and coefficient αp as:

where:

Em

-

pressuremeter (Menard) modulus [MPa]

αp

-

rheological factor of soil (see the table below)

Reference values Em and Plim

Soils

Em[Mpa]

Plim [MPa]

cohesionless

loose

0 - 3.5

0 - 0.5

medium dense

3.5 - 12

0.5 - 1.5

dense

12 - 22.5

0.5 - 2.5

very dense

> 22.5

> 2.5

cohesive

slush

0 - 2.5

0 - 0.2

soft

2.5 - 5

0.2 - 0.4

stiff

5 - 12

0.4 - 0.8

solid

12 - 25

0.8 - 1.6

hard

> 25

> 16

Values of rheological factor αp for various soil conditions

Type of soil

Peat

Clay, silt

Sediment

Sand

Sand and gravel

αp

Em / Plim

αp

Em / Plim

αp

Em / Plim

αp

Em / Plim

αp

preconsolidated

1

> 16

1.0

> 14

0.67

> 12

0.5

> 10

0.33

normally consolidated

1

9 - 16

0.67

8 - 14

0.5

7 - 12

0.33

6 - 10

0.25

underconsolidated

-

7 - 9

0.5

5 - 8

0.5

5 - 7

0.33

-

0.25

Literature:

Menard, L. F.: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Montreal, Vol. 2, 1965, pp. 295 - 299 (table 2.29 a 2.30).

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